How is "composition" defined in photography?

In photography, "composition" refers specifically to the arrangement of visual elements within the frame of an image. This involves how various components such as subjects, foreground, background, lines, shapes, and colors are organized to create a visually appealing and effective photograph. Good composition guides the viewer's eye through the image and can enhance the storytelling aspect of a photograph.

While the manipulation of lighting, the use of color in post-processing, and the technical settings of a camera are all important aspects of photography, they do not define composition itself. Lighting affects the mood and tone of an image, color can be adjusted post-capture for stylistic purposes, and camera settings are crucial for achieving the correct exposure and focus, but none of these elements constitute composition. Instead, they serve as techniques that can enhance or support the compositional choices made by the photographer.